Step 1: Choose a Job to Analyze for Job Safety Analysis

Every effective safety program starts with identifying and addressing hazards before incidents occur. Ideally, you will want to perform a job safety analysis (JSA) for every task performed at your worksite—but safety managers and employees have limited time to analyze all of the various jobs associated with their operations, so it’s important to analyze the most critical jobs first. Follow these 5 steps to a successful job safety analysis to ensure a safer work environment.

OSHA recommends prioritizing jobs for analysis according to the following criteria:

• Jobs with the highest injury or illness rates
• Jobs with the potential to cause severe or disabling injuries or illness, even if there is no history of previous accidents
• Jobs in which one simple human error could lead to a severe accident or injury
• Jobs that are new to your operation or have undergone changes in processes and procedures
• Jobs complex enough to require written instructions

Step 2: Identify Job Site Needs and Task Breakdown

Once you have decided on a specific job to analyze, you should break down the job into a list of tasks to be performed. You will want to list every necessary step from start to finish.

For example, operating a piece of equipment may include:

• Preparing for the job
• Turning on the device
• Performing the task
• Shutting down the machine
• Completing any necessary cleanup

Doing this sort of breakdown and analysis may seem time-consuming, but because each step requires different safety measures and personal protective equipment (PPE), it is vital to paint a detailed picture of what hazards could be present during a job.

Step 3: Determine Hazards and Risks in Job Safety Analysis

Now we come to the focus of any JSA—identifying the potential hazards associated with a job. Once you’ve broken down the job into individual steps, you can more easily see the risk present in each task. Many safety managers will even identify hazards in tandem with the task breakdown, as this will help them become more aware of the environment and potential risks associated with every step.

As you proceed through the sequence of tasks for a job, it is important to address the following questions:

• What type of hazard is present?
• What is the risk level of this hazard?
• How probable is this hazard?

The answers to these questions can vary depending on the potential hazards and work environments associated with a job. Consulting with employees who regularly complete a job is a solid way to properly identify hazards, as well as using established checklists and resources from digital safety solutions.

Step 4: Develop Preventative Controls

Reducing risk and preventing incidents on a job comes down to taking proper preventative measures. While types of prevention depend on the potential hazards, they can generally be broken down into five categories:

• Elimination: Physically remove the hazard from the environment.
• Substitution: Replace the hazard with a safer option.
• Engineering controls: Isolate your team from the hazard.
• Administration controls: Change the way people work to avoid the hazard.
• PPE: Protect your team with personal protective equipment.

Step 5: Document and Share Job Hazard Analysis Reports

Once a JSA has been completed, the related reports should be documented and made available to your employees. Every worker who performs a job needs to be aware of the associated hazards and what preventive measures will help keep them safe.

This means making sure reports are easy to access and understand. When a worker is training for a particular job, the related JSAs should be provided to them, and they should be required to confirm that they received and read all relevant documentation. This helps keep your team safe and ensures accountability if an incident were to occur on a job.

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Safety is a vital part of the construction industry. Your construction company has to put measures in place to ensure the safety of workers at the construction site. This requires you to implement the Job Safety Analysis (JSA), which ensures all workers observe all the stipulated safety measures.

Here is everything you need to know about JSA, and why it’s important to the construction industry.

What is JSA?

JSA, or Job Safety Analysis, is a step-by-step procedure that splits each job into manageable training tasks, identifies the safety components in each task, and trains employees on how to avoid safety hazards.

Job safety analysis pinpoints specific areas that have potential safety risks and helps you keep your workers safe. It also helps your company become compliant with safety guidelines thus reducing your employee turnover and instilling trust in your customers. JSA is sometimes referred to as Job Hazard Analysis or JHA.

How job safety analysis works

Job safety analysis works by deconstructing jobs into simple tasks and analyzing the safety concerns in each task. It requires you to compile a JSA report using a series of steps. These steps make fulfilling JSA requirements quick and easy.

Once the report is complete, you can train your employees on laid down safety procedures and make sure they stay safe. This will greatly reduce the risk of injuries during construction.

What are the steps in a job safety analysis?

Since a job safety analysis is a step-wise procedure, there are five steps to get a successful JSA.

Choose a job to analyze

An effective job safety analysis starts by identifying a job and noting the hazards and injuries associated with it. It is important to point out the hazards before they occur. You will need to perform a job safety analysis on every task done on the construction site.

There may be several tasks to be accomplished and a limited time to analyze the safety hazards in each of them. It is important to prioritize the jobs to analyze first using the criteria below:

• Accident frequency: You need to perform a job safety analysis on tasks that are prone to accidents or illnesses.
• Accident severity: Jobs with fatal or near-fatal accidents need immediate safety attention. They include jobs with high risks of falling from great heights, handling hazardous materials, or risky machinery.
• Jobs prone to human error: These are tasks that have complex written instructions, or where one simple human error can cause injury, permanent disability, or death.
• New jobs: Jobs that are new to your operation or that have undergone changes in processes and procedures need to undergo a job safety analysis to determine their necessary safety procedures.

Identify job site needs and break down jobs into tasks

After you choose the job to analyze, you will need to break it down into a series of tasks that need to be accomplished for the job to be done. You need to list each task from the beginning of the job to the end.

An example of a job is hoisting construction materials to a high floor using a crane. This job can be broken down into several tasks as follows:

• Preparing for the job by collecting the equipment you need.
• Turning on the crane.
• Loading the building materials to be carried by the crane.
• Turning off the machine.
• Cleaning up.

This may seem like a laborious process to complete for every job on the site but it is crucial for analyzing the risks associated with using a crane. It will let you compile the safety measures needed and PPEs associated with the job. It is vital to analyze each of the steps that make up a job and get a full picture of any hazards that could occur before they do.

Identify the hazards and risks

This is the main aim of a job safety analysis. Once you’ve determined the steps required to complete a task, you can see the risks in each step. It is important to examine the entire environment to determine the existence of any possible hazard. This means that dangers exist in the task being performed and in the environment in which they are performed.

When assessing hazards, you need to determine the risk and degree of injury associated with each safety hazard. You can do this by addressing the following questions:

• What type of hazard is present?
• What is the level of risk in this safety hazard?
• What is the probability of this hazard occurring?
• Can this hazard cause injury?
• If yes, how severe can the injuries get?

To get answers to these questions, you can consult employees with extensive field experience. Some professionals use software for risk assessment to determine the levels of risk with each task.

Develop preventive measures and residual risk.

This step involves you coming up with ways to prevent the hazards that you previously outlined. This involved documenting any personal protective equipment needed and measures to mitigate the risks involved with a job.

Once these are taken into account, you need to conduct another risk assessment of each task to find any residual risk or amount of risk remaining. This can be achieved by using the methods you used before to determine the initial risks.

If you see that you cannot eliminate risks, you can try to change the job procedure to limit the risks as much as possible. This includes providing Safety Data Sheets or SDSs that give information on safety protocols and give details on a possible hazard.

Once all risks and residual risks have been compiled, you will be able to determine the overall risk associated with a job. This information will help you identify the jobs that pose the biggest risks to your workers even with preventive measures.

The data collected on this exercise will help you see if additional preventive measures are necessary to further reduce the risk of injury.

Compile a job safety analysis report

Once you complete a job safety analysis, it is important to compile, document, and share your findings with your employees in a report. Every worker associated with the job must be made aware of the risks associated with it and the measures they should take to ensure their safety.

The report should be accessible to every worker and easy to understand. When an employee is training for a specific job, the JSA report associated with the task should be given to them.

The company should confirm that the worker has read and understood the report. This will ensure that the employee knows what to do to avoid injury and provide accountability in case of any incident.

Why is Job Safety Analysis important?

A successful JSA ensures consistent and safe work methods. The safety measures stipulated by a job safety analysis make the job site safe for workers and site visitors. It also makes employees feel confident while working because they know all the risks associated with their jobs.

It reduces the risk of injuries to construction workers by helping them know how to best perform a task without the risk of injury. A JSA form provides official documentation that regarding an employee’s knowledge of the safety protocol associated with a job.  

Why do construction companies need JSA?

Construction companies need job safety analysis more than any other industry because of the many safety and health hazards at construction sites. Here are reasons construction companies need JSA:

Meet safety standards and avoid lawsuits

A job safety analysis lets companies meet safety standards stipulated by the Occupational Health and Safety Industry. In addition to keeping your workers safe, a JSA makes your company compliant with national safety standards and helps you avoid negative legal and financial repercussions.

Clear communication

A JSA helps construction companies improve communication through multiple levels of leadership. This is because it needs input from representatives in multiple levels of your employee team.

The review and comment process allows the company to have open communication and get feedback from all its employees. It also lets the company see any safety issues they may have overlooked.

Helps train new employees

Job safety analysis helps train new employees. When you hire a new worker, you need to orient them to the job as soon as possible. A JSA is a quick way to get a new employee accustomed to all your safety procedures. This will greatly reduce human error due to inexperience because of the teaching aids created by the JSA process.

The company can avoid hazardous conditions

A job safety analysis lets a construction company avoid dangerous work conditions as much as possible. It prevents accidents on a construction site. While OSHA standards help avoid many dangerous incidents, they are not enough to avoid every potential hazard on the work location.

Using mobile forms for JSA

The job safety analysis mobile form is designed for construction companies. It covers wide aspects of safety procedures on construction sites, including personal protective equipment, safety training, and machinery safety. The construction safety analysis can be customized to suit your unique company needs.

If you are looking to streamline your processes and push your business to greater levels of growth, you may consider partnering with us at GoCanvas for innovative technology solutions. We will help you to work safer and smarter while saving more through our automated data collection tools that integrate seamlessly with your existing systems.

Sign up for a free trial today and see how GoCanvas can impact your business.

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Employee safety matters a great deal and the last thing anyone wants is to see a coworker hurt. However, the reality is an injury can happen to anyone at any time and without notice. The most important thing is to have a plan in place before an incident occurs. It should be easy for your team to follow your safety process. This way your organization can spring into action and help those who are hurt. It’s also important to ensure your organization is in compliance with federal safety regulations. We compiled a seven-step action plan to help get you started:

1. Care for the injured employee 

The first step when an injury happens in the workplace is to assist the injured employee and prioritize their immediate needs. You will want to ensure the employee receives the proper medical attention and you will need to determine what type of care is appropriate given the severity of the incident.

Minor injuries like a cut or a sprain may not require medical assistance, whereas more severe injuries may require you to call for an ambulance or provide transportation to a licensed medical professional. You can either consult the medical provider designated by your workers’ compensation carrier, or you can bring the employee to an urgent care facility nearby.

2. Notify management and other team members

Once you have attended to the immediate needs of your employee, the next step will be to contact your management team to communicate that the incident has happened and communicate the pertinent details.

You will want to make note of the location, the people that were involved, the injuries sustained, and the medical treatment that has been administered. Communicating this information to your management team allows them to then notify other team members that need to know, and it allows them to take the proper steps for ensuring team safety going forward.

3. Secure the scene

Once an employee is on their way to receive medical treatment for injuries, you should secure the scene of the incident as quickly as possible. Blocking access to the location of the event ensures the safety of your other employees and prevents a repeat incident from occurring.

Securing the scene of an accident is crucial for both safety and reporting purposes. By limiting access to the area of the incident, you will preserve the scene and this will allow you to have more accurate and thorough incident reporting. With less people on location,  you have a greater chance that the scene is left untouched, and this can give you a more accurate picture of the events that contributed to the incident.

4. Complete the incident report

Beyond ensuring individual employee and total team safety, completing an incident report is one of the most critical steps to take after someone has sustained an injury at work.

OSHA requires employers to keep records of work-related injuries and illnesses using their formal documentation. You should complete and file the incident report within 24 hours of the accident. Gathering witness testimony within a day of the accident can help improve the accuracy of the testimony because the incident will still be fresh in the minds of your witnesses.

Additionally, prompt incident reporting produces better outcomes for both the employee and the company. It’s vital that you waste no time in completing the incident report so that insurance companies can quickly process the claims and your employees can receive the treatment they need.

Claims placed on hold because of delayed incident reports typically also cost more than claims that are reported promptly with the completed paperwork. Delayed claims can cost businesses thousands in increased premiums or penalties for late reporting.

5. Implement safety protocols

After an accident happens at work, you will want to do everything you can to ensure it never happens again. Employers hold a unique position that allows them to influence their entire organization for the better and they can cultivate a culture of safety in the workplace by implementing safety protocols and safety education for all team members. 

Leadership teams can show employees that safety is paramount to the organization by prioritizing safety, providing education and training, and praising good safety practices. You can use the incident as a learning tool by asking yourself what could have been done to prevent the injury and by asking yourself how the response could have been more effective. By locating the gaps in workplace safety, you can implement changes to address those gaps and prevent other lapses in security and safety.

Including your employees in safety protocols will encourage them to take ownership of their safe conduct and you can provide incentives for following safety guidelines and for taking proactive steps to pursue safety at work. The bottom line is that when your employees are safe, they’re healthy, happy, and more productive.

6. Establish a return-to-work program

7. Follow up with your employee

At the end of the day, your employee is more than just a number. They are a vital part of your team and you want to communicate the value they hold on a personal level. 

A good employer should do more than take care of the logistics after an injury. They should also follow up with employees to ensure they are emotionally and physically healing. Using clear and compassionate communication with your employee can show them that you care and that you can work together to create a realistic plan of return.

This type of care demonstrates to the rest of your team that you value them, and it can help to improve your employee retention rate and worker satisfaction in the long run.

Creating a company culture of safety

No employer wants to see one of their workers injured. But if it happens, you now have an action plan to follow for handling these incidents professionally and with care.

Quick responses, thorough reporting, and compassionate care will build your employer brand and create a company culture of safety that will benefit your entire team. Sign up for our free trial to get started today!

Sign up for a free trial today and see how GoCanvas can impact your business.

No fees, no obligations!